Prognostic criteria of psychophysiological adaptation according to visual and computer EEG analyses of employees of nuclear hazardous enterprises and industries

Introduction. The study's relevance is due to the need to improve the safety of nuclear industry enterprises and, as a consequence, to ensure a good level of psychophysiological functioning of employees.

The study aims to identify the analysis of EEG indicators characterizing the FS of the central nervous system at different levels of PFA using visual and computer analysis.

Materials and methods. Object — 331 archival EEGS of workers of hazardous radiation industries. The researchers determined the level of adaptation of employees using psychological, psychophysical, and physiological techniques. We conventionally recorded the EEG at rest and functional loads. In addition, scientists used a visual analysis and computer evaluation of the spectral power of EEG biopotentials in the processing.

Results. With the help of visual analysis, we identified diagnostic features reflecting different levels of psychophysiological adaptation and functional activity of structural and functional formations of the central nervous system. It is possible to determine the role of structural and functional formations in forming a low level of adaptation and formulate prognostic criteria for adaptation. Researchers have identified some mechanisms of these criteria based on the evaluation results of the spectral power of EEG biopotentials.

Conclusions. We identified four abnormal indicators in the EEG: "Type IV EEG", "Unstable EEG dynamics", "High index of β1 activity", "Presence of flashes of bilateral synchronous waves". These indicators indicate the presence of violations of the central regulation of the cardiovascular system and dysfunctional changes in the structures of the limbic-reticular complex. Therefore, we consider it as a criterion of a low level of PFA.

The identification in the EEG of persons with a high level of PFA electroencephalographic norm indicates the absence of violations of the central regulation of the cardiovascular system and dysfunctional changes in the structures of the limbic-reticular complex.

Researchers consider this a sign of a high probability of these individuals performing professional activities with a low risk of emergencies due to reduced adaptation.

1. Yadrishchenskaya T.V., Malgrem E.V. Interrelation of physiological and psychophysiological indicators of the functional state of employees of locomotive crews with the syndrome of tense adaptation. Lichnost' v ekstremal'nyh usloviyah i krizisnyh situaciyah zhiznedeyatel'nosti. 2011: 251–5.

2. Samoilov A.S., Bushmanov A.Yu., Bobrov A.F., Shcheblanov V.Yu., Sedin V.I., Kalinina M.Yu. Psychophysiological aspects of ensuring the reliability of professional activities of employees of nuclear industry organizations — 2018: Materialy III otraslevoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. ANO DPO «Tekhnicheskaya akademiya Rosatoma» M.; 2018: 62–76.

3. Torubarov F.S., Zvereva Z.F., Denisova E.A., Lukyanova S.N. The role of psychophysiological examination in assessing the functional state of the central nervous system in workers of radiation and nuclear-hazardous enterprises. Medicina ekstremal'nyh situacij.2017; 2: 157–63.

4. Zenkov L.R. Clinical electroencephalography with elements of epileptology. M.: «MEDpress-inform»; 2016.

5. Shultz E.V., Vasilyeva A.V., Karavaeva T.A., Poltorak S.V. Clinical and electroencephalographic study of prolonged forms of neurotic and endogenous anxiety-depressive disorders. Vestnik psihoterapii. 2014; 5: 115–29.

6. Bobrov A.F., Bushmanov A.Yu., Sedin V.I., Shcheblanov V.Yu. System evaluation of the results of psychophysiological examinations. Medicina ekstremal'nyh situacij. 2015; 3: 13–9.

7. Rubinstein S.L. Fundamentals of general psychology. SPb.: Piter; 2010.

8. Loskutova T.D. Evaluation of the functional state of the human central nervous system by the parameters of a simple motor reaction. Fiziol. zhurn. SSSR.1975; 1: 3–12.

9. Baevsky R.M. The concept of physiological norms and health criteria. Rossijskij fiziologicheskij zhurnal im. I.M. Sechenova. 2003; 4: 473–87.

10. Zhirmunskaya E.A., Losev V.S. Systems of description and classification of human electroencephalograms. M.: Nauka, 1984.

11. Lukyanova S.N. Bioelectric activity of the cortex and some subcortical formations in experimental neurosis. ЖВНД. 1976; 3: 539–47.

12. Kolotilshchikova E.A. Substantiation of psychological mechanisms of neurotic disorders. Vestnik psihoterapii. 2011; 4: 64–78.

13. Baburin I.N., Karavaeva T.A., Kolotilshchikova E.A., Slezin V.B., Shultz E.V. Bioelectric activity of the brain in patients with various clinical types of neurotic disorders (according to spectral analysis). Vestnik psihoterapii. 2010; 3: 119–29.

14. Antropova L.K., Kulikov V.Yu. Semantic verbal fluency: features of EEG indicators in the cognitive load of students. Vestnik psihofiziologii. 2018; 3: 100–7.

15. Kovalzon V. Reticular ascending activating system. Third revision. Nauka i innovacii. 2017; 12: 9–15.

16. Enin K.A., Matveeva V.V., Nikolsky V.O. Psychophysiological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the program of complex psychological correction based on body-oriented psychotherapy. Vestnik novyh medicinskih tekhnologij. 2015; 3: 143–7.